Adonai’s sovereign confrontation with Egypt’s gods through plagues continues in Exodus 8–9, calling Israel to true worship and revealing Pharaoh’s hardness. Parallel passage Isaiah 34–35 links divine judgment on Edom and the nations with hopeful restoration for Zion and healing for the redeemed. Parallel passage Hebrews 12:14–17 is read as apostolic exhortation: pursue peace and holiness, beware moral and spiritual immaturity exemplified by Esau, and persevere in covenant faithfulness toward Messiah and covenant community, grounded in Torah-rooted ethics and eschatological hope today.
Readings: Oct. 18, 2025