Genesis 21 explores the birth of Isaac, the son of promise, and the subsequent tensions with Ishmael, representing the son of the flesh. This narrative illustrates the supremacy of the Spirit over the flesh, as discussed in Galatians 4. Genesis 21 also highlights Abraham’s covenant with Abimelech at Beersheba, sealed with a seven-fold oath, emphasizing themes of faith, divine promise and the importance of trusting in God’s timing and methods.
Genesis 21 and parallel passages highlight God’s sovereignty, His faithfulness in fulfilling His promises, and how they all lead to the ultimate fulfillment in Yeshua the Messiah (Jesus the Christ).